The advantages and disadvantages of solar thermal systems

Solar thermal systems are becoming a popular method for heating hot water for homes and businesses around the world. Like with any equipment choice, there are advantages and disadvantages to using them. Let’s take a look at the advantages and disadvantages of solar thermal systems below.

Solar thermal advantages

• Solar thermal utilizes a free and renewable energy source- the Sun.
• Using a solar thermal system reduces your dependence on fossil fuels as well as expensive foreign oil.
• In sunny, Pennsylvania and New Jersey climate, solar thermal systems can be very cost effective.
• There are some beneficial incentives available for those who choose to install solar thermal systems at home.
• Solar thermal systems have relatively short payback periods compared to other renewable energy systems like solar photovoltaic and geothermal systems.
• Depending on what’s available where you live, you may have the option to lease solar thermal technology, reducing the installation costs of the system.

Solar thermal disadvantages

• Solar thermal systems typically have higher upfront installation costs compared to conventional hot water heater systems.
• In many areas, it may still be necessary to have a backup hot water heater in place, which will use gas or electricity.
• Your payback period will vary based on the regional sunlight exposure you experience.
• Solar thermal systems have lower efficiencies compared to other renewable energy systems like photovoltaic solar and geothermal systems.
• Solar thermal systems will need protection to withstand overheating and extreme cold temperatures.

Use solar heat for pools and spas

Solar water heating can be used in a number of applications, not just to produce hot water for use inside your home. In fact, the majority of solar heat systems installed in the United States are used for pool and spa heating. Solar heaters for pools are often the most cost effective way to heat these amenities.

Solar heat systems for pools and spas are composed of simple technology that requires very little maintenance for homeowners. Solar heat systems for pools really help homeowners cut back on energy use, limit their demand for fossil fuels, and cut greenhouse gas emissions.

There are other steps homeowners can take to enhance the efficiency of solar heat systems. Insulated pool covers can prevent heat loss, and retain more of the heat produced by the pool’s solar heat system. Bubble covers are less expensive, but can allow more heat to be lost.

When designing a solar heat system for a home’s pool or spa, a number of factors must be considered to ensure the system provides appropriately. Collectors must be sized appropriately to ensure the system can adequately heat the water. Below are some of the factors a solar heat system installer should evaluate when designing a new pool heating system:

• The size of the pool
• The amount of months the pool will be in use each year
• The temperature preferences of pool users
• The amount of sunlight the home site receives

Homeowners interested in exploring solar heat system options for pools and spas should contact Smith Sustainable Design. Our skilled experts are available to answer questions about solar heat systems and pool and spa installation applications.

Solar hot water heaters create efficient homes

The average household in the United States spends about 11 percent of its energy budget on hot water heating. Investigating energy efficient water heating options can help homeowners decrease their energy spending by making better use of the energy they consume. Solar hot water heaters are a valuable option which can help homeowners decrease or even eliminate their hot water energy expenses.

Solar hot water heaters also benefit the environment. By not burning fossil fuels, they reduce the amount of carbon and greenhouse gas emissions produced by one’s home. Making the move towards energy efficiency by installing a solar hot water heater system not only saves you money, but will help save the planet.

A household can use solar hot water heater systems for all their hot water needs. Heat water for showers as well as other household needs. The dishwasher, kitchen sink, and washing machine all use hot water, which can be produced by the home’s solar hot water heater system instead of a conventional hot water heater system.

Homeowners can further improve the efficiency of these systems in a number of ways. Reducing the home’s hot water demand is one way to use less energy. Energy saved in one way can then be used to power other necessities around the home.

When installing a solar hot water system, take a few steps to help conserve the hot water that will be produced. Installing low-flow fixtures throughout the home can cut a household’s hot water use. Also, setting the hot water thermostat to 120 degrees can reduce the amount of energy needed to heat water while still keeping water at a comfortable temperature. Insulating the hot water storage tank can prevent heat loss and save more of the energy produced by the solar hot water heater system.

Tips for purchasing a solar hot water system

If you’re considering purchasing a solar hot water system for use in your home, keep these tips in mind as you go through the purchasing process.

Determine if your home site is suitable for installation

Most solar collectors which work with solar hot water systems will be mounted on the roof of a home. Ideally, your roof should have the following qualities:

• Your roof should have direct exposure to sunlight between 10 am and 3 pm
• Your roof should face South
• Your roof and roofing materials should be in good condition

Determine which system type is best to meet your needs

Consult a solar contractor for help navigating the available options and determining which is best suited for meeting your needs.

• Research how solar hot water systems work so you can ask your installer questions about the different collector types and circulation systems available to you
• Consider your area’s climate to determine if some systems are better than others in freezing temperatures
• Estimate the size needed to provide for your home’s hot water needs

Learn about rebates and tax credits

There are programs which may be available to you that can help offset the cost of installing a solar hot water system.

• Research federal tax credits, which can equal up to 30 percent of the installation cost
• Find out if your state or local government, or utility provider offers tax incentives or rebates for installing high efficiency solar hot water systems

Learn more about ongoing maintenance needs

Your new solar hot water system will need some maintenance to ensure peak performance and equipment longevity.

• Ask your solar installer how frequently maintenance should be performed and what steps you can routinely take to protect your equipment

The advantages and disadvantages of solar hot water systems

Solar hot water systems are becoming a popular method for homeowners to harness the sun’s energy for use inside their homes. They are environmentally friendly and offer a clean energy option for your home’s hot water needs. Every home system has its advantages and disadvantages, so below we’ll take a look at those for solar hot water systems.

Advantages of solar hot water systems include:

• They generate free energy for use to heat water.
• They allow you to use a renewable energy source: the Sun.
• They are very cost effective in Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
• Many incentives are available for homeowners who wish to install solar hot water systems.
• The payback period for the system is pretty low, at only about 5 years.
• The systems have low maintenance needs and costs.
• Lease options for solar hot water systems may be available to decrease installation costs.

Disadvantages of solar hot water systems include:

• The cost of installation is more than a conventional water heater.
• Some electricity or gas will be needed to fuel a backup system during winter months.
• The payback period isn't definite, it varies based on conditions in your area and the system’s exposure to sunlight.
• They offer a relatively low efficiency of the passive solar water heating systems available.
• They will need protection to prevent freezing as well as overheating.

Get the big picture about solar hot water systems before you make your purchase. The professionals at Smith Sustainable Design can answer any questions you may have, as well as provide more details regarding the advantages and disadvantages of installing a new solar hot water heater system for your home.

Ten myths about solar hot water heater systems

Don’t be discouraged from using solar hot water systems because of misinformation floating around. Make sure you have the facts, not fiction. Below are ten solar hot water myths and the truth about them

1. They don’t work when it’s cloudy

Even when it’s cloudy, there is solar energy available, and enough to use a solar hot water heater system.

2. They aren’t cost effective

Solar hot water heater systems have the best payback period of solar energy options. They also have a very long lifespan when properly maintained.

3. The home will have less hot water

Your solar hot water heater system can be designed to meet the hot water needs of your home, and you won’t have to sacrifice the amount of hot water you can access just to go solar. Many solar thermal systems are installed to use with another hot water system, like a conventional tank or tankless hot water heater, so you’ll always have the hot water you need.

4. They only work in the daytime

Just because the sun doesn't shine at night doesn't mean your solar hot water heater system won’t work at night. The work they do during the day allows the equipment to maintain water temperatures for use at night.

5. They won’t work in the winter

The outdoor temperature has nothing to do with the system’s ability to collect solar energy; the sun still shines in wintertime.

6. They’re cost prohibitive

Solar hot water heater systems aren't as expensive as you may expect. They cost much less than a solar photovoltaic installation, plus installing one can qualify you to receive a 30 percent federal tax credit which can help you offset the cost of installing the system.

7. They don’t make much of a difference to the environment

Below heating and cooling, hot water heating is the second largest consumer of energy in most homes. Solar hot water heater systems allow you to reduce energy use and eliminate the carbon emissions which are created by burning fossil fuels for energy.

8. They’re ugly

Solar thermal panels can be flush-mounted to your roof and don’t look much different than a skylight. They don’t stick out like some may think, and are even considered a status symbol as energy efficiency is in the forefront of our nation’s news.

9. They take up too much space

With the right designer, your solar hot water heater system doesn't have to use a lot of space. They can be installed using just a little more space than a conventional system.

10. They take a long time to install

Depending on the type of system you choose and your installation team, it will only take a few working days to complete.

Understanding your solar thermal quote

If you’re thinking about installing a solar thermal system to heat water for your home, one of your first steps will be to obtain a quote. A quote will be your best tool in determining the price of equipment and installation. There are some variables that go into determining your quote; below are some of the factors that determine the final price of installing the system.

Your home’s hot water needs

Your solar thermal system will need to be sized properly to meet your household’s hot water demands. The size of the storage tank you’ll need will play a role in pricing.

• A 50 gallon tank and 1 collector is ideal for a 1 or 2 bedroom household
• A 80 gallon tank and 2 collectors is ideal for a 3 to 4 bedroom household
• A 120 gallon tank and 3 collectors is ideal for a 5 to 6 bedroom household

Depending on the weather conditions where you live, a solar thermal system may not be able to provide for all your hot water needs. In this case, you’ll need to have an electric or gas booster system to provide hot water during the periods where solar power isn’t sufficient. The cost of this booster hot water heater may be included in your quote if your existing systems need replacement or aren’t suitable.

The specifications of your home

Certain aspects of your home will determine how and where the solar thermal system can be installed, which can also affect price. Non-standard roofing materials or unstable areas of the roof may make your roof an unsuitable location for installing solar thermal panels. In this case, alternatives will be determined which can affect price. Also, if the design of your roof doesn't provide the ideal pitch or space, special mounting frames may need to be used, which will also be quoted.

Don’t rely on online estimates to price a solar thermal system, because many homes have special considerations, like those mentioned above, which will need to be evaluated when determining your quote. For a free quote, contact Smith Sustainable Design.

What to keep in mind when purchasing a solar hot water heater system

When purchasing a solar hot water system, it’s important to do your research and know the facts. There are a lot of factors which you must consider that will help you make the best investment for your home. Keep these factors in mind when investing in solar hot water.

1. Choosing cheap

Choosing the cheapest option isn’t always the wisest move. Cheap initially doesn’t always mean cheap in the long run, either. As with many other things, sometimes cheap is the opposite of quality. Choosing the cheapest option for installation can save you money in the beginning, but you may experience frequent repair needs, and the bills that go along with it. With extra expenses that add up well after installation, choosing a cheap solar hot water heater system can end up being much more expensive over time.

2. Consider your investment

Installing a solar hot water heater system is a significant investment for your household, and you’ll want to make the most of it. When evaluating equipment options, consider maintenance needs as well as the warranty you’ll receive. What is the expected life span of the equipment you’ve chosen? Is the warranty long enough to cover most of its operating life, or will you be left without protection after a few short years? That warranty can really make a difference, and protect you against expensive replacement component needs.

3. Protection                         

How will you protect your solar hot water heater system, and your investment? How does the system work to protect itself? Because of our cold winter months, homeowners in New Jersey and Pennsylvania should look for systems that are frost-protected and built for functioning even in low temperatures.

When choosing a new solar hot water heater system, you should consult a professional who can help you figure out what you need. Smith Sustainable Design’s team of solar thermal designers and installers are available to help you navigate the available options.

Tips for purchasing a solar hot water system

When choosing to go solar for your water heating needs, there are a number of factors you will need to consider to help you make the best decision. Installing these systems is a big investment for homeowners, and you want to be sure you are making the most of your investment. Before you purchase your new solar hot water system, follow these tips.

Decide if your site is right for solar

• Does your roof receive direct sunlight during peak hours year- round?
• Does your roof face south?
• Is your roof in good condition

Decide what type of solar hot water system meets your needs

• Learn how solar hot water systems work to determine which type is right for your needs
• Consider how you will protect the system during freezing temperatures
• Determine the capacity you will require

Contact a solar hot water system contractor

• Ask to receive an estimate for your home’s new solar hot water system
• Check your solar hot water system contractor’s references
• Find out about local permitting requirements and ask if the contractor will take care of obtaining them

Learn about rebates and incentives

• To take advantage of the federal tax credit, make sure the solar hot water system you’ve chosen qualifies
• Check with your state and local utility providers to see if they offer additional incentives for homeowners who install solar hot water systems

Consider future maintenance requirements

• Learn what steps need to be taken to properly maintain your solar hot water system
• Ask your solar hot water system contractor if they provide maintenance services
• Ask your solar hot water system contractor how often the system should be inspected and if inspections are necessary to comply with product warranties
• Learn about weatherization steps that may be necessary for your new solar hot water system

Solar hot water heater systems for American homes

American households consume a great deal of energy. In fact, the amount of energy consumed for water heating purposes is more than what is used to power a home’s lighting, appliances, and gadgets combined! Approximately 8 percent of homes in the United States replace their water heaters each year- if you’re due for a new water heater, you should consider a solar hot water heater system.

Conventional water heating methods burn fossil fuels, whether directly or during the production of the electricity used for power. Residential water heating in the United States creates 173 million metric tons of carbon emissions each year! Every home and every fossil fuel burning appliance inside has a great impact on our environment, whether you realize it or not.

Switching to a solar hot water heater system can greatly reduce your home’s environmental impact. If more American homeowners switched to solar hot water when replacing their current water heater, a significant reduction in the collective household carbon emissions would be seen. Not only would homeowners benefit by becoming more environmentally friendly, they would also be rewarded with much lower energy bills.

The United States is a great place for solar hot water heater systems. Our country receives a great deal of sunlight exposure, which would greatly reduce dependence on fossil fuel water heating if solar hot water heater systems were in play in American homes. Of course, your home site and other factors will play in to whether or not solar water heating is a good option for your particular home.

Solar hot water heater systems are an affordable solar option, with a much lower price tag than solar electricity systems. Most homeowners find that the energy savings these systems provide greatly offset the installation costs and make for a valuable investment. Many states and local programs offer incentives for homeowners who install solar hot water heater systems, along with federal tax credits.

All about solar thermal

Many business owners are aware that solar energy can be used to provide electricity for a variety of business needs, but did you know that you can also use solar energy to heat water for all types of applications? This use of solar energy is called solar thermal, and the sun’s energy is used to heat water or another type of fluid, not generate electricity.

The benefits of a solar thermal system are countless. They benefit businesses by:

• Reducing utility bills- Solar thermal systems help homes and businesses cut the amount of electricity or other heating fuel necessary to heat water. They can save you up to 70 percent off your water heating expenses, and in some applications, may even be able to provide all the energy necessary for water heating.
• Reducing carbon footprint- When solar thermal heating is used, fossil fuels are not. Solar thermal reduces the amount of greenhouse gas emissions generated by your business’s operations. Solar thermal can make your business more environmentally friendly and show the public that you are doing your part to reduce your environmental impact.
• Complying with sustainability mandates- Today’s business owners are faced with more requirements designed to promote the use of renewable technologies in the workplace. By installing solar thermal systems, a business can make way towards meeting these requirements while making smart equipment investments which are sure to generate a high return for your money.

Solar thermal systems are used in a number of commercial applications. Businesses today are using solar thermal systems in the following ways:

• To provide for the workplace’s general hot water heating needs
• To heat swimming pools and hot tubs
• For radiant space heating

To see if solar thermal technology can benefit your business, contact Smith Sustainable Design for consultation. Our team of experts is experienced in designing and installing commercial solar thermal systems for a variety of business applications.

Solar hot water systems create energy efficient homes

Most homes in the New Jersey and Pennsylvania spend approximately 12 to 18 percent of their energy use on hot water. Whether you use electricity, natural gas, propane, or oil, there is a more affordable and efficient way to provide for all your home’s hot water needs. Solar hot water systems use free energy from the sun to heat your water!

With a solar hot water system, your home will heat hot water using natural energy that comes from the sun. Depending on the size of your solar hot water heater system, you may not require the help of a backup conventional hot water heater. Relying 100 percent on your solar hot water heater can shave 12 to 18 percent off your total energy budget each year!

Reducing your hot water demand is another way to save energy whether you’ll be installing a solar hot water system or not. Look for ways you can use less hot water around the home to further reduce your energy use.

• Take shorter showers
• Choose efficient water-using appliances when replacing or upgrading
• Lower the temperature on your conventional hot water heater
• Insulate your hot water storage tanks

Solar hot water systems differ from the solar panel systems used to produce electricity for your home. A solar collector is placed on the roof or other prime location to collect the sun’s energy for use to heat water. Insulated storage takes hold the hot water produced by the system. This equipment has come a long way since the 1970s, when it first became popular for use in America’s homes.

Solar hot water systems offer decades of service. Lifetime expectancy for these systems is 20 to 30 years! As with all your home systems, routine maintenance is necessary, but it will benefit you in the long run by helping extend system life and keep your system operating effectively.

When you choose to have a solar hot water system installed at your home, make sure you are also choosing a quality contractor to do the work. Contact Smith Sustainable Design for quality solar hot water systems and expert installation.

Solar thermal versus electric pool heating

Heating a pool can be costly. Solar thermal systems and electric heat pump systems are cheaper than operating a gas powered pool heater, but which is the better choice? Let’s compare the two so you can see the advantages of each side by side.

Solar thermal pool heaters

Solar thermal pool heaters work by collecting the sun’s energy and using it to warm the water circulating in your pool. Just like the water in your hose heats up being left in the sun all day, the sun heats up the water pumping through the solar collectors. Pool temperatures aren’t as hot as the hot water you need inside your home, so lower cost materials can be used to create the system.

Advantages:

• Solar thermal pool heaters are definitely the cheapest option as far as operational costs are concerned.
• These systems are fueled by the sun’s energy, which happens to be free!
• Solar thermal pool heaters are green and environmentally friendly, as they use naturally occurring energy.

Disadvantages:

• You can’t use a solar thermal pool heater to heat on demand if weather conditions aren’t right, which could limit the use of your pool for some people.
• A solar thermal pool heater can’t heat up the pool as quickly as electric pool heaters.
• A large collector area may be needed, depending on the size of your pool. No big deal, but may be aesthetically displeasing to some.

Electric heat pump pool heaters

Just like a heat pump used to heat and cool a home, an electric pool heat pump removes heat from the outside air and transfers it to heat the pool water.

Advantages:

• Electric heat pump pool heaters can be used even on cloudy days, as they don’t rely on the sun’s energy.
• These systems can absorb the proper amount of heat needed to warm pool water even when outdoor temperatures aren’t very warm. Sufficient heat can be absorbed when outdoor temperatures are as low as 50 degrees Fahrenheit.
• Electric heat pump pool heaters offer fast recovery times than solar thermal pool heaters, making them a better option for swimming during colder outdoor temperatures.

Disadvantages:

• Electric heat pump pool heaters require utility energy to operate, and are not as environmentally friendly as solar thermal pool heaters.
• When using an electric heat pump pool heater, you are subjected to fluctuating energy prices as well as utility grid down time.

Selecting a solar thermal system

When it comes to selecting a solar thermal system, there are a few options available to homeowners. Homeowners must decide the style of solar thermal system that will be best for their needs. Selecting a contractor to install your system is another element which is important. Let’s take a look at the basic information you’ll need to know.

Types of solar thermal systems

The two types of solar thermal systems are active systems and passive systems. An active solar thermal system is made up of circulating pumps which use controls. In a passive system, there are less working parts but cannot be used where freezing temperatures my occur. Most solar thermal systems use storage tanks which hold the heated water. Collection systems may use one or two insulated tanks.

When used in residential applications, two types of active system collectors can be chosen. Flat Plate solar collectors are made up of dark absorber plates housed in well-insulated boxes, covered by plastic or glass. Evacuated Tube solar collectors are made up of copper vacuum pipes that transfers the heat from within the evacuated tubes up to the manifold, and the heated water is circulated to the buffer water tank.

Selecting a solar thermal contractor

When it’s time to select a contractor, there are a few key questions which you need to ask in order to determine a good fit.

1. Ask the contractor to help you determine your savings from using a solar thermal system.
2. Ask where the solar thermal collectors should be placed to achieve the maximum efficiency.
3. Ask the contractor for their recommendation as to which size and type of solar thermal system is appropriate for your application.
4. Ask how efficient the recommended system is compared to other options.
5. Ask the contractor what permits are required in your area.

If you have questions about the different types of solar thermal systems available, or how to choose a contractor, call Smith Sustainable Design.

Why use a solar hot water heater system?

Why use a solar hot water heater system instead of a conventional hot water heater system? Using the sun’s energy is easier than you think. Solar hot water heater systems are an efficient and affordable way to harness this free, natural energy.

Solar hot water heater systems use the sun’s energy to heat water, versus gas or electric power. If your demand is high, you may also want to have a conventional backup on-hand for cloudy days. A good southern exposure on your home’s roof is the perfect spot for placement of the solar thermal collectors. You’ll also need an insulated collector tank to store the water your solar heat panels will heat.

So why use a solar hot water heater system? The strongest tipping point for most homeowners is the potential energy savings which can be achieved through their use. If you come from using a conventional system which uses higher priced fuel, you stand to save more than you would if your old system was using cheaper fuel- savings will vary from household to household. Plus with solar hot water heaters, you won’t be subjected to rising fuel rates!

Most homeowners achieve an energy savings of 50 to 80 percent with a solar hot water heater system. With the lower cost of installation compared to solar power systems, the costs can be recouped in a short number of years. After your system has paid for itself, you’ll essentially be heating water for free when using your solar hot water heater system.

Choosing the right contractor to install your solar hot water heater system can definitely impact your savings. You want to team up with a contractor who knows what they are doing and can ensure proper installation with effective operation. Call Smith Sustainable Design today to discover more about solar hot water heater systems and how one can save you money.

Hybrid hot water systems from Rheem

There are many hot water heater systems available on the market. Many reputable manufacturers have created excellent products which help homeowners achieve great energy savings for water heating. Rheem, a notable manufacturer of heating, cooling, and water heating equipment, has introduced a new hybrid hot water heater, which offers significant savings for homeowners.

Rheem’s Prestige Series Hybrid Heat Pump Water Heater can save homeowners up to $329.00 per year. It has the highest energy efficiency in its class, with an Energy Factor (EF) of 2.45. This model is also ENERGY STAR qualified, which can earn you additional savings through rebate programs which may be available in your area. All in all, it is estimated to cost less than $16 dollars a month to operate.

Like a heat pump used to heat and cool spaces in your home, the Rheem Prestige Series Hybrid Heat Pump Water Heater uses the same technology. The unit extracts heat from the air around it to heat the water within. It does not store hot water like a traditional electric or gas tank hot water heater. This method is far more efficient.

Plus, this model offers the added benefit of dehumidifying the space around it. Since it pulls heat from the air to warm the water, the air receives a cooling effect. Great installation locations which can really benefit from this feature are garages and basements.

The Rheem Prestige Series Hybrid Heat Pump Water Heater is also easy to use. It features a full-color backlit touchscreen which controls the functions of the unit. It has a vacation mode to save money when you are away from home. The water heater provides diagnostic information for technicians and service alerts to help homeowners keep their systems functioning properly.

For more information about the Rheem Prestige Series Hybrid Heat Pump Water Heater, call Smith Sustainable Design today.

Installing a solar hot water heater system

When installing a solar hot water heater system in New Jersey or Pennsylvania, there are many factors which should be considered. To determine if this choice is best for your home, you’ll want to learn about the advantages and if you are a good candidate. For peace of mind, Smith Sustainable Design has included this information below. We can also provide further assistance in determining if a solar hot water heater system is right for you- just give us a call.

Solar hot water heater systems reduce a home’s reliance on other domestic hot water heating systems such as an electric water heater or a boiler. With a solar hot water system installed, solar thermal energy is free to collect and use- unlike electricity, natural gas, or oil. Solar hot water heater systems allow you to produce most, if not all, of the hot water your home needs, reducing energy costs drastically.

Solar hot water heater systems are an environmentally friendly choice for providing the hot water your home needs. Without the use of fossil fuels, your solar thermal system will help your household cut back on carbon dioxide emissions. Fossil fuels are commonly used to produce electricity; so even if you have an electric water heater, your home is still contributing excess carbon dioxide emissions indirectly. Anytime you can use the solar hot water heater system, you will be benefiting the environment.

So, is your household a good candidate for a solar hot water heater system? Households with the following qualities are likely to benefit greatly from installing one:

• Homes which are occupied all year long (a primary residence, not a vacation home)
• Homes which are currently not heating water efficiently (using older, inefficient equipment)
• Homes with higher hot water demands (households of four or more people, or multifamily homes)

If you think you’re a good candidate for solar hot water heater system installation, or for help determining whether you are or not, contact us. We’ll review your household’s characteristics and your current water heating systems to see if solar hot water would benefit you.

Evacuated tube panels versus flat plate solar heat panels

When installing a solar heat system, there are two types of solar heat panels which can be used: evacuated tube panels and flat plate panels. Evacuated tube solar heat panels are a newer technology which is utilized in many new installations today. Does newer technology always mean better? Below, we will discuss evacuated tube solar heat panels so you can decide for yourself.

Evacuated tube solar heat panels:

• Collect sunlight better due to their greater exposed surface area
• Transfer heat more efficiently than flat plate solar heat panels
• Are able to be used for applications where temperatures fall below 0 degrees
• Perform well even in less-than-ideal weather conditions
• Take up less space

In general, evacuated tube solar heat panels are more efficient than flat plate collectors. Evacuated tube panel technology is newer, so the price of components is higher than with flat plate panels. While they cost more initially, they are very durable and replacing broken tubes can be done easily and affordably. Repairs for flat plate panels can be more expensive if needed.

When determining which type of solar heat panel is right for an application, we have to consider the temperature of water in the storage tank as well as the outdoor temperature. Flat plate collectors are more efficient than evacuated tube solar heat panels when there isn’t much temperature variance. On the other hand, evacuated tube solar heat panels offer increased efficiency when the temperature variances increase, making them ideal for use in colder temperatures.

Though evacuated tube solar heat panels are becoming the preferred choice, there are many applications where flat plate solar heat panels are still the best choice, including:

• Housing and dormitories, such as for colleges, the military, correctional facilities, hospitals, and nursing homes
• Cafeterias
• Car Washes
• Laundries

Smith Sustainable Design will determine which panel type is right for your application, and answer any questions you may have about the equipment we recommend. Call us today to schedule your consultation.

Solar hot water systems versus electric hot water systems

When it is time to install a new hot water heater, many homeowners start doing their research and comparing different systems. One system you may be overlooking in your search is a solar hot water system. This can be a costly mistake, as solar hot water systems have many advantages over their traditional electric competitors. Not convinced? See for yourself:

Electric hot water systems are a major consumer of energy within a household. Many times, these systems aren’t tied into an off peak power program like heating and cooling may be, so you’re likely paying full price for power whenever you need hot water. With solar hot water systems, most if not all of your hot water is produced using solar energy, so your household electricity bills are much lower.

Think you can only use a solar hot water system on a sunny day? Think again. Evacuated tube systems are very effective and work well even when the weather isn’t cooperating. Your solar hot water system can be used when it’s cloudy, raining, or snowing! Yes, an electric system won’t normally be affected by inclement weather (unless of course there is a power outage), but with these systems, you’re still using utility power anytime you need hot water.

Still worried about the weather affecting your hot water supply? There is really no need because solar hot water systems do have electric backup systems which will produce hot water for your home during periods where solar energy collection is minimal. These backup systems aren’t utilized very often, so utility energy use is still minimized with a solar hot water system.

If you’re not sure about whether you should ditch electric and switch to a solar hot water system, feel free to give us a call. Smith Sustainable Design can help you compare the benefits and discover the savings that solar hot water can offer your household.

Solar thermal for commercial laundry applications

Commercial applications which have high hot water demands are excellent candidates for solar thermal installation. For instance, commercial and coin operated laundry businesses use a significant amount of hot water each day. Utilizing solar thermal systems in these industries can significantly reduce operating costs for a facility.

Commercial washing and coin operated laundry facilities can harness solar energy for water heating purposes by installing solar thermal systems. Solar thermal systems can reduce a facility’s operating costs by lowering the amount of energy needed to heat water using traditional equipment, such as boilers or gas and electric water heaters. Solar thermal systems can be custom designed to meet the ranging needs of individual laundry facilities.

Commercial solar thermal systems for these applications are designed using the same principles as other solar thermal systems. Collector panels are installed on a southern exposure of the building, though the number of panels will vary based on the facility’s hot water demands. Storage tanks are sized large enough to work with the system and meet the hot water demands of a facility.

Using solar thermal hot water systems won’t negatively impact the available hot water supply, which is a concern for many commercial and coin operated laundry facilities. Solar thermal systems provide a continuous supply of hot water for use in the facility. Commercial washing and coin operated laundry facilities which have already installed solar thermal systems have found that sufficient hot water is produced for meeting the daily needs of their businesses.

Solar thermal water heating offers many advantages for commercial washing and coin operated laundry facilities, as well as in other commercial applications where hot water is in high demand. To learn more about installing a solar thermal system for your facility, contact Smith Sustainable Design for a consultation today.

Is solar thermal right for my project?

When designing a building or building a new home, there are many decisions to be made. Most folks today are aware of how different choices affect efficiency, and are looking for ways to maximize efficiency. To determine if a solar thermal system is right for your project, there are many factors to consider. These systems can be used in applications throughout the United States, but may have particular advantages in these scenarios:

Locations where energy costs are high

If the area where you’re building experiences particularly high energy costs or there is only access to one energy type, solar thermal is an excellent solution. Gas water heating is typically cheaper than electric, so if gas is not available in the area, electricity is your only option for traditional water heating. Solar thermal system installation will allow you to avoid high electricity prices and offer more options for your water heating solution.

There is a need for consistent hot water

Many types of commercial facilities have a consistent need for hot water for operations, such as in laboratories, hospitals, or housing quarters. Because of the hot water demand, energy expenses are high for water heating in these applications. Solar thermal systems can allow a facility to significantly cut their hot water expenses, and should be considered when designing such a facility.

Energy security is a necessity

When designing a building, energy availability must be considered to ensure the facility can receive adequate energy to power their hot water heating system as well as other vital systems. In remote areas, energy sources may not be available or are lacking. In some parts of the world, energy supply is not always a sure thing. Solar thermal systems reduce a facility’s energy dependency by allowing the facility to produce most of its hot water with very little energy use.

If you’re about to build, Smith Sustainable Design can help you determine if solar thermal is right for your application. We’ll walk you through solar thermal system basics, as well as the particular advantages in your scenario.

Issues affecting solar heat panel performance

In order for the solar heat panels to work properly and collect solar energy to heat your water, they must be exposed to the sun. There are a few issues which can affect the performance of this equipment, which are naturally occurring. Due to these issues, you may experience minor fluctuations in the performance of your solar heat panels.

Atmosphere

Some parts of the atmosphere absorb more or less light wavelengths, it’s not a steady amount throughout the entire atmosphere. How much light reaches the surface of the Earth depends on the amount of atmosphere it must pass through to get here, as well as the level of humidity. When the sun is higher in the sky, there is less atmosphere for light to pass through than when the sun is rising or setting. Factors such as clouds, fog, haze, and air pollution all create more matter for the sun’s rays to pass through. On a cloudy or overcast day, your solar heat panels won’t collect as much solar energy as they would on a sunny day.

Angle of Incidence

The angle at which the sun’s rays fall on an object is called the angle of incidence. Surfaces receive more of the sun’s energy when the angle of incidence is around zero. There is a solar window of about six hours in which solar heat panels can achieve the ideal angle of incidence and absorb the most solar energy each day.

Choosing a qualified solar heat panel installer can put your mind at ease. Smith Sustainable Design is an experienced solar heat panel installer, and our team takes these and other factors into consideration when designing a solar thermal system for your home. We design your system to achieve maximum efficiency despite naturally occurring issues.

Economic benefits of solar heat installations

Installing a solar heat system has many benefits for homeowners and business owners. One of the biggest reasons people switch to solar heat is for the economic benefits. Let’s take a look at how solar heat installations help households save.

Solar heat installations do the same job as an electric or gas water heater, so you won’t be sacrificing any comforts. They can heat the same amount of water as a traditional water heater, and uses much less energy to do so. When faced with the choice to install an electric or gas water heater or a solar heat system, upfront costs are different. Typically, a solar heat installation can cost around $4,000.00 more than installing a standard water heater.

You need to consider the cost to heat water over the lifetime of the equipment in addition to the upfront cost. Research shows that solar heat installations use much less energy than an electric or gas water heater, which can account for up to 25 percent of a home’s energy use! A solar heat installation saves homeowners 50 to 85 percent on the cost of energy used for water heating each year. Plus, you’ll be spared added expenses when energy prices fluctuate.

The payback period of a solar heat installation is typically 4 to 8 years. After that, you’ll begin to accrue savings as long as the system lasts, which can be anywhere from 15 to 40 years! To determine a simple payback period, find the net cost of installation (the price you paid minus any tax credits or incentives) and the annual fuel savings. Divide the net cost of installation by the annual fuel savings to see your payback period.

Getting an estimate for a new solar heat installation is a solid way to begin determining what your exact economic benefits will be. Call Smith Sustainable Design today for quality solar heat installation.

Pros and cons of solar thermal systems

Solar thermal systems are becoming an increasingly popular option for homeowners looking to harness solar energy. Installing a system like this is a major investment for homeowners, and the pros and cons should be examined. Having information about both the positives and negatives will allow you to make an informed decision.

Solar thermal systems: the pros

The use of free, renewable energy- solar energy won’t be depleted like fossil fuels will be. Plus, you don’t have to pay for the use of the sun’s energy, like you do with utility power.

Installation incentives- installing a solar thermal system may will qualify you for federal tax credits which can reduce overall installation costs.

Quick payback period- solar thermal systems have a relatively quick payback period, especially compared to other energy efficient systems like solar electricity. Homeowners generally recoup the installation costs of a solar thermal system in 4 to 6 years.

Low maintenance costs- solar thermal systems are low maintenance, and generally have lower maintenance and repair costs versus a traditional tank hot water heater which is powered by gas or electricity.

Solar thermal systems: the cons

High upfront costs- compared to a traditional water heater, the upfront costs of a solar thermal system is much higher, which can be off-putting for some.

Backup power- not all areas can provide enough solar energy for a solar thermal system to create all a household’s hot water year-round. In the winter when temperatures are much lower, backup power like gas or electricity may be required.

Needed protection- a solar thermal system has outdoor components which need to be protected from the elements. Overheating and freeze protection are a must to ensure the proper operation and long lifespan of your system.

Sizing a new solar hot water heater system

Getting the right size for your space and need is important when installing many different appliances and systems, including solar hot water heater systems. When systems are not sized properly, you can suffer from inefficiency and lack of supply. When sizing a solar hot water heater system, here are the two main factors we consider,

Size of the solar collectors

In order for your new solar hot water heater system to supply the amount of hot water you need, the system needs to have adequate collector coverage. The collectors of solar hot water heater systems for homes in Pennsylvania and New Jersey are typically sized as follows:

• 25 square feet of surface area is needed for a 2-person household
• For each additional family member, 12 to 14 square feet of collector surface area is necessary

Size of the storage tank

The storage tank of your solar hot water heater system holds all the water heated by the solar energy that your collectors absorbed. In an active system, you need 1.5 gallons of storage tank space per square foot of collector area.

• In general, households of two people need storage tanks with a capacity between 40 and 50 gallons.
• 3 to 4-person households have tanks around 60 to 80 gallons.
• 5 to 6-person households need a storage tank of approximately 100 to 120 gallons.
• If your household has a higher demand for hot water, you should consider a storage tank the next size up.

The experts at Smith Sustainable Design know how to size your solar hot water heater system the right way to ensure maximum performance and comfort. Call us to size and install a solar hot water heater system for your home this summer.

Positioning your solar heat panels

If you’ve decided to install a solar thermal system at your home or business, you’ll need to think about how to place your solar heat panels. Your system’s efficiency depends on how much solar energy the solar heat panels can collect, so placing the panels appropriately is a top priority. At Smith Sustainable Design, we position solar heat panels using the proper orientation and tilt for optimum performance.

Solar heat panels need to be placed in a space and direction that allows them to collect the maximum amount of solar energy each day. During a site survey, we will determine which direction is best for your panels to face. Typically, solar heat panels in New Jersey and Pennsylvania should face south. We will also consider the orientation of your roof if you’d like to have your panels mounted on the roof, and landscape features to determine how the solar heat panels will be affected by shade throughout the day.

The tilt of your solar heat panels is another important factor that helps us maximize your solar energy collection. The angle of your roof plays a part in helping your solar heat panels collect the sun’s energy to heat your water. Most panels today are mounted flat to the roof, so the roof pitch will also be the same angle as the tilt of the panels. A flat mount looks better to many homeowners than a rack mount. The angle of your roof will be used to help us determine the appropriate sizing of your entire solar hot water system.

Positioning your solar heat panels properly is crucial to the performance of your system. The solar heat panel installers at Smith Sustainable Design and specially trained to consider orientation and tilt to develop an optimal installation plan for your equipment. Contact us today to schedule your site survey.

Measuring the efficiency of solar hot water systems

Whenever you install a new system or appliance in your home, efficiency is an important factor. Different systems and appliances measure their efficiency in various units. For a solar hot water system, efficiency refers to one of two things: the thermal energy output or the amount of energy the system offsets from a conventional gas or electric system. The units used to determine the efficiency of solar hot water systems are ones you may be unfamiliar with, so let’s take a look at each.

Solar Energy Factor (SEF)

Energy delivered by the system / conventional energy input = SEF

Solar Energy Factor values range from 1 to 11, and most residential solar hot water systems have a water heater rating of 2 to 3. The higher the number, less conventional energy is being used to heat water.

Solar Fraction (SF)

The solar fraction refers to the amount of the total hot water heating load which was produced by solar energy. A higher solar factor means more solar energy has contributed to heating the household’s water. Solar factor values range from 0 to 1, and most residential solar thermal systems have solar factors between 0.5 to 0.75.

Btu/(ft²day)

Btu/(ft²day) indicates how much thermal energy is produces per square foot of collector space each day. Btu is the abbreviation for British thermal units, a measurement of thermal energy needed for water heating. Higher Btu/(ft²day) measurements mean fewer square feet of space in the collector are needed to heat the same amount of water. This rating is used for most models of solar collectors.

If you have any questions about determining the efficiency of your solar hot water system, give us a call. Smith Sustainable Design’s team of solar hot water systems contractors are happy to discuss solar options for your New Jersey or Pennsylvania home.

How much can you save with a solar thermal system?

Anytime you install a major appliance in your home, you likely compare many types to see which is the best for you. When installing a solar thermal system, many homeowners like to try to determine just how much savings it will help them achieve. To estimate your solar thermal savings, consider these factors.

Every household has different needs and different usage. How much you will save with a solar thermal system may differ from your neighbor. Your savings depends on these factors:

• Your hot water usage
• How much solar energy you’re able to collect
• System performance
• Financing and incentives
• Conventional fuel costs for your backup system
• The efficiency of your backup system
• How often you rely on your backup system

For most homeowners, a solar thermal system will save anywhere from 50% to 80% on hot water heating bills. By comparing the monthly operating costs of a solar thermal system to a gas or electric water heater, you can see how these different systems measure up to one another. Remember- solar energy costs nothing, while utility power may increase in price each year.

To estimate the yearly operating cost of a solar thermal system, you’ll need to know the solar energy factor of the system, as well as the fuel type and costs for your backup system. Smith Sustainable Design’s team of solar thermal installers can help you calculate the yearly operating costs and payback period for a new system. Solar thermal systems are a great alternative to gas and electric water heating, and can help you save hundreds on your water heating bills each year. Contact us to learn more.

Pressurized glycol solar heat systems

As we’ve discussed before, pressurized glycol and drain back solar heat systems are the two most common systems designs used today. Today, we will discuss how a pressurized glycol system works and how to care for one.

A pressurized glycol solar heat system has a closed-loop design. Unlike with drain back systems, the water you use is not passed through the collectors. A glycol and water mixture circulates through the collectors, and your hot water is warmed by heat transfer from this mixture. The glycol acts as antifreeze to prevent system components from freezing. The concentration of glycol in the system is determined carefully in order to provide adequate freeze protection for your solar heat system.

The pH of the glycol solution within your system should be checked annually. Your solution needs replaced whenever the pH falls below 7. Other components need checked regularly to ensure your solar heat system is working properly. Pressure relief valves, check valves, and automatic air vents are prone to failures and have short service lifespans. These components should be tested as part of your solar heat system’s regular maintenance routine to determine whether or not replacement is necessary.

Pressurized glycol systems require fluid changing every few years. As these fluids are under pressure, it’s best to contact a trained professional to perform this maintenance for you. Over time, glycols within your system can degrade and cause system components to deteriorate, which is one reason proper care for your pressurized glycol system is important.

Solar heat systems are becoming more common and are being utilized by more and more home and business owners every day. Pressurized glycol systems can be a useful design for your application, but require regular maintenance and care to maximize system life. If you have questions about pressurized glycol solar heat systems, please give us a call. At Smith Sustainable Design, we’re here to answer your solar heat questions anytime.